Rat TNF-alpha Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (100 UG)【科瑞奥博】

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Rat TNF-alpha Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (100 UG)

货号： AF-510-NA 基本售价： 5076.2 元规格： -

产品信息

概述
货号	AF-510-NA
别名	APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; tnfa; tnf-a; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
全称	Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
反应种属	Rat
应用	Western Blot(0.1 µg/mL) Immunocytochemistry(5-15 µg/mL)
目标/特异性	Detects rat TNF‑ alpha in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In Western blots, approximately 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant porcine TNF-alpha is observed and less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) TNF-beta, rhTNF sRI, and rhTNF sRII is observed. In direct ELISAs, approximately 40% cross-reactivity with recombinant canine TNF-alpha, recombinant feline TNF-alpha, and recombinant rhesus macaque TNF-alpha is observed. Neutralizes the biological activity of rat TNF-alpha. This antibody will also neutralize the biological activity of murine TNF-alpha, but weak neutralization of rhTNF-alpha and no neutralization of rhTNF-beta was observed.
使用方法	Western Blot: 0.1 µg/mL Immunocytochemistry: 5-15 µg/mL Neutralization: Measured by its ability to neutralize TNF‑ alpha -induced cytotoxicity in the L‑929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Matthews, N. and M. L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M. J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 0.15-0.75 µg/mL in the presence of 0.25 ng/mL Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha and 1 µg/mL actinomycin D.
来源	Polyclonal Goat IgG
产品组分

性能
供应商	R&D Systems
Entrez Gene IDs	7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
应用文献
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions. Prolonged neuroinflammation after lipopolysaccharide exposure in aged rats. Authors: Fu H, Yang T, Xiao W, Fan L, Wu Y, Terrando N, Wang T PLoS ONE, 2014;9(8):e106331. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Frozen Microglial cells contribute to endogenous brain defenses after acute neonatal focal stroke. Authors: Faustino JV, Wang X, Johnson CE J. Neurosci., 2011;31(36):12992-3001. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Distribution and tumor necrosis factor-alpha isoform binding specificity of locally administered etanercept into injured and uninjured rat sciatic nerve. Authors: Kato K, Kikuchi S, Shubayev VI, Myers RR Neuroscience, 2009;160(2):492-500. Species: Rat Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB Mechanisms underlying the nociceptive responses induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the rat paw. Authors: Marotta DM, Costa R, Motta EM, Fernandes ES, Medeiros R, Quintao NL, Campos MM, Calixto JB Biochem. Pharmacol., 2009;77(7):1223-35. Species: Rat Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Adenovirus-Mediated Kallistatin Gene Transfer Ameliorates Disease Progression in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis Induced by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection. Authors: Hsieh J, Shen PC, Shiau AL, Wu CL, Lee CH, Jou IM, Wang CR, Chao J, Chao L, Teo ML 2009;20(0):147. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded Tumor necrosis factor alpha: activity dependent expression and promotion of cortical column sleep in rats. Authors: Churchill L, Rector DM, Yasuda K, Fix C, Rojas MJ, Yasuda T, Krueger JM Neuroscience, 2008;156(1):71-80. Species: Rat Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB Supraspinal glial-neuronal interactions contribute to descending pain facilitation. Authors: Wei F, Guo W, Zou S, Ren K, Dubner R J. Neurosci., 2008;28(42):10482-95. Species: Rat Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB Deleterious role of TNF-alpha in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Authors: Berger S, Savitz SI, Nijhawan S, Singh M, David J, Rosenbaum PS, Rosenbaum DM Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2008;49(8):3605-10. Species: Rat Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Wnt-induced secreted protein-1 is a prohypertrophic and profibrotic growth factor. Authors: Colston JT, de la Rosa SD, Koehler M, Gonzales K, Mestril R, Freeman GL, Bailey SR, Chandrasekar B Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2007;293(3):H1839-46. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small intestinal damage is Toll-like receptor 4 dependent. Authors: Watanabe T, Higuchi K, Kobata A, Nishio H, Tanigawa T, Shiba M, Tominaga K, Fujiwara Y, Oshitani N, Asahara T, Nomoto K, Takeuchi K, Arakawa T Gut, 2007;57(2):181-7. Species: Rat Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo TNFalpha and TNF receptor 1 expression in the mixed neuronal-glial cultures of hippocampal dentate gyrus exposed to glutamate or trimethyltin. Authors: Figiel I, Dzwonek K Brain Res., 2007;1131(1):17-28. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: ICC Thrombin induces neurodegeneration and microglial activation in the cortex in vivo and in vitro: proteolytic and non-proteolytic actions. Authors: Lee da Y, Park KW, Jin BK Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2006;346(3):727-38. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC TNFalpha-induced AMPA-receptor trafficking in CNS neurons; relevance to excitotoxicity? Authors: Leonoudakis D, Braithwaite SP, Beattie MS, Beattie EC Neuron Glia Biol., 2004;1(3):263-273. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: ICC Differential cytokine response in interstitial fluid in skin and serum during experimental inflammation in rats. Authors: Nedrebo T, Reed RK, Jonsson R, Berg A, Wiig H J. Physiol. (Lond.), 2004;556(0):193-202. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Frozen Glucocorticoids play a fundamental role in protecting the brain during innate immune response. Authors: Nadeau S, Rivest S J. Neurosci., 2003;23(13):5536-44. Species: Rat Sample Type: Application: Neut
纯化方式	Antigen Affinity-purified
免疫原	E. coli-derived recombinant rat TNF-alpha Leu80-Leu235 Accession # P16599
内毒素水平	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
生物活性	Rat
标记	Unconjugated
溶解方法	Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
背景	Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha ) also known as Cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types (1, 2). Rat TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, rat TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with mouse and 69% - 76% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, and rhesus TNF-alpha. The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer (4). Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte co-stimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness (5). Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases a 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-alpha (6, 7). TNF-alpha trimers bind the ubiquitous TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 8). TNF-alpha regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis (2). It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing the activation of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages (2). TNF-alpha is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders (9). It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism (10, 11).
运输条件	Blue Ice
存放说明	-20℃
参考文献	Idriss, H.T. and J.H. Naismith (2000) Microsc. Res. Tech. 50:184. Hehlgans, T. and K. Pfeffer (2005) Immunology 115:1. Estler, H.C. et al. (1992) Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 373:271. Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216. Eissner G. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:353. Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729. Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733. Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324. Clark, I.A. (2007) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18:335. Romanatto, T. et al. (2007) Peptides 28:1050. Hector, J. et al. (2007) Horm. Metab. Res. 39:250.

参考图片

Cytotoxicity Induced by TNF‑ alpha and Neutralization by Rat TNF‑ alpha Antibody. Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 510-RT) induces cytotoxicity in the the L‑929 mouse fibroblast cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by Resazurin. Cytotoxicity elicited by Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (0.25 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-510-NA). The ND₅₀ is typically 0.15‑0.75 µg/mL in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D (1 µg/mL).

TNF‑ alpha in Rat Splenocytes. TNF‑ alpha was detected in immersion fixed rat splenocytes using Goat Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody
(Catalog # AF-510-NA) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasmic. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.