Rat TNF-alpha Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (25 UG)【科瑞奥博】

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Rat TNF-alpha Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (25 UG)

货号： AF-510-SP 基本售价： 1378.1 元规格： -

产品信息

概述
货号	AF-510-SP
别名	APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; tnfa; tnf-a; TNFalpha; TNF-alpha; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
全称	Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
反应种属	Rat
应用	Western Blot,Immunocytochemistry,Neutralization
目标/特异性	Detects rat TNF‑ alpha in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In Western blots, approximately 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant porcine TNF-alpha is observed and less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) TNF-beta, rhTNF sRI, and rhTNF sRII is observed. In direct ELISAs, approximately 40% cross-reactivity with recombinant canine TNF-alpha, recombinant feline TNF-alpha, and recombinant rhesus macaque TNF-alpha is observed. Neutralizes the biological activity of rat TNF-alpha. This antibody will also neutralize the biological activity of murine TNF-alpha, but weak neutralization of rhTNF-alpha and no neutralization of rhTNF-beta was observed.
使用方法	Western Blot: 0.1 µg/mL Immunocytochemistry: 5-15 µg/mL Neutralization: Measured by its ability to neutralize TNF‑ alpha -induced cytotoxicity in the L‑929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Matthews, N. and M. L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M. J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 0.15-0.75 µg/mL in the presence of 0.25 ng/mL Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha and 1 µg/mL actinomycin D.
来源	Polyclonal Goat IgG
产品组分

性能
供应商	R&D Systems
Entrez Gene IDs	7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
应用文献
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions. Effects of TNF-? on penile structure alteration in rats with hyperprolactinemia Authors: ZL Wang, LY Yang, HH Chen, HH Lin, YT Tsai, WJ Huang PLoS ONE, 2017;12(8):e0181952. Species: Rat Sample Type: In Vivo Application: Neut Prolonged neuroinflammation after lipopolysaccharide exposure in aged rats. Authors: Fu H, Yang T, Xiao W, Fan L, Wu Y, Terrando N, Wang T PLoS ONE, 2014;9(8):e106331. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Frozen Time-dependent effects of training on cardiovascular control in spontaneously hypertensive rats: role for brain oxidative stress and inflammation and baroreflex sensitivity. Authors: Masson G, Costa T, Yshii L, Fernandes D, Soares P, Laurindo F, Scavone C, Michelini L PLoS ONE, 2014;9(5):e94927. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Frozen Microglial cells contribute to endogenous brain defenses after acute neonatal focal stroke. Authors: Faustino JV, Wang X, Johnson CE J. Neurosci., 2011;31(36):12992-3001. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Adenovirus-Mediated Kallistatin Gene Transfer Ameliorates Disease Progression in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis Induced by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection. Authors: Hsieh J, Shen PC, Shiau AL, Wu CL, Lee CH, Jou IM, Wang CR, Chao J, Chao L, Teo ML 2009;20(0):147. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded Mechanisms underlying the nociceptive responses induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the rat paw. Authors: Marotta DM, Costa R, Motta EM, Fernandes ES, Medeiros R, Quintao NL, Campos MM, Calixto JB Biochem. Pharmacol., 2009;77(7):1223-35. Species: Rat Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Distribution and tumor necrosis factor-alpha isoform binding specificity of locally administered etanercept into injured and uninjured rat sciatic nerve. Authors: Kato K, Kikuchi S, Shubayev VI, Myers RR Neuroscience, 2009;160(2):492-500. Species: Rat Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB Tumor necrosis factor alpha: activity dependent expression and promotion of cortical column sleep in rats. Authors: Churchill L, Rector DM, Yasuda K, Fix C, Rojas MJ, Yasuda T, Krueger JM Neuroscience, 2008;156(1):71-80. Species: Rat Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB Supraspinal glial-neuronal interactions contribute to descending pain facilitation. Authors: Wei F, Guo W, Zou S, Ren K, Dubner R J. Neurosci., 2008;28(42):10482-95. Species: Rat Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB Deleterious role of TNF-alpha in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Authors: Berger S, Savitz SI, Nijhawan S, Singh M, David J, Rosenbaum PS, Rosenbaum DM Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2008;49(8):3605-10. Species: Rat Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small intestinal damage is Toll-like receptor 4 dependent. Authors: Watanabe T, Higuchi K, Kobata A, Nishio H, Tanigawa T, Shiba M, Tominaga K, Fujiwara Y, Oshitani N, Asahara T, Nomoto K, Takeuchi K, Arakawa T Gut, 2007;57(2):181-7. Species: Rat Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo TNFalpha and TNF receptor 1 expression in the mixed neuronal-glial cultures of hippocampal dentate gyrus exposed to glutamate or trimethyltin. Authors: Figiel I, Dzwonek K Brain Res., 2007;1131(1):17-28. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: ICC Wnt-induced secreted protein-1 is a prohypertrophic and profibrotic growth factor. Authors: Colston JT, de la Rosa SD, Koehler M, Gonzales K, Mestril R, Freeman GL, Bailey SR, Chandrasekar B Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2007;293(3):H1839-46. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut Thrombin induces neurodegeneration and microglial activation in the cortex in vivo and in vitro: proteolytic and non-proteolytic actions. Authors: Lee da Y, Park KW, Jin BK Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2006;346(3):727-38. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC TNFalpha-induced AMPA-receptor trafficking in CNS neurons; relevance to excitotoxicity? Authors: Leonoudakis D, Braithwaite SP, Beattie MS, Beattie EC Neuron Glia Biol., 2004;1(3):263-273. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: ICC Differential cytokine response in interstitial fluid in skin and serum during experimental inflammation in rats. Authors: Nedrebo T, Reed RK, Jonsson R, Berg A, Wiig H J. Physiol. (Lond.), 2004;556(0):193-202. Species: Rat Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Frozen Glucocorticoids play a fundamental role in protecting the brain during innate immune response. Authors: Nadeau S, Rivest S J. Neurosci., 2003;23(13):5536-44. Species: Rat Sample Type: Application: Neut
纯化方式	Antigen Affinity-purified
免疫原	E. coli-derived recombinant rat TNF-alpha Leu80-Leu235 Accession # P16599
内毒素水平	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
生物活性	Rat
标记	Unconjugated
溶解方法	Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
背景	Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha ) also known as Cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types (1, 2). Rat TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, rat TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with mouse and 69% - 76% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, and rhesus TNF-alpha. The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer (4). Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte co-stimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness (5). Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases a 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-alpha (6, 7). TNF-alpha trimers bind the ubiquitous TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 8). TNF-alpha regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis (2). It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing the activation of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages (2). TNF-alpha is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders (9). It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism (10, 11).
运输条件	Blue Ice
存放说明	4℃
参考文献	Idriss, H.T. and J.H. Naismith (2000) Microsc. Res. Tech. 50:184. Hehlgans, T. and K. Pfeffer (2005) Immunology 115:1. Estler, H.C. et al. (1992) Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 373:271. Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216. Eissner G. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:353. Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729. Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733. Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324. Clark, I.A. (2007) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18:335. Romanatto, T. et al. (2007) Peptides 28:1050. Hector, J. et al. (2007) Horm. Metab. Res. 39:250.

参考图片

TNF‑ alpha in Rat Splenocytes. TNF‑ alpha was detected in immersion fixed rat splenocytes using Goat Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody
(Catalog # AF-510-NA) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasmic. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Cytotoxicity Induced by TNF‑ alpha and Neutralization by Rat TNF‑ alpha Antibody. Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (Catalog # 510-RT) induces cytotoxicity in the the L‑929 mouse fibroblast cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by Resazurin. Cytotoxicity elicited by Recombinant Rat TNF‑ alpha (0.25 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Rat TNF‑ alpha Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-510-NA). The ND₅₀ is typically 0.15‑0.75 µg/mL in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D (1 µg/mL).