Mouse VEGF 164 Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (25 UG)【科瑞奥博】

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Mouse VEGF 164 Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (25 UG)

货号： AF-493-SP 基本售价： 1378.1 元规格： -

产品信息

概述
货号	AF-493-SP
别名	MVCD1; VAS; vascular endothelial growth factor A; Vascular permeability factor; Vasculotropin; VEGF; VEGFA; VEGF-A; VEGFMGC70609; VPF; VPFvascular endothelial growth factor
全称	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
反应种属	Mouse
应用	Western Blot,Immunohistochemistry,ELISA Capture (Matched Antibody Pair),ELISA Detection (Matched Antibody Pair),ELISA Standard ,Neutralization
目标/特异性	Detects mouse VEGF in ELISAs and Western blots. In Western blots, detection of recombinant mouse (rm) VEGF₁₆₄, rmVEGF₁₂₀, rmVEGF₁₈₈, and recombinant rat VEGF₁₆₄ is observered but no cross-reactivity with rmVEGF-B_167,rmVEGF-B₁₈₆, or recombinant human (rh) VEGF₁₆₅ is observed. In sandwich immunoassays, less than 0.04% cross-reactivity with rhVEGF₁₂₁, rhVEGF₁₆₅, and rhVEGF/PlGF is observed.
使用方法	Western Blot: 0.1 µg/mL Immunohistochemistry: 5-15 µg/mL ELISA Capture (Matched Antibody Pair): 0.2-0.8 µg/mL ELISA Detection (Matched Antibody Pair): 0.1-0.4 µg/mL ELISA Standard : Neutralization: Measured by its ability to neutralize VEGF₁₆₄-induced proliferation in HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Conn, G. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 87:1323. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 0.05‑0.15 µg/mL in the presence of 10 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse VEGF₁₆₄.
来源	Polyclonal Goat IgG
产品组分

性能
供应商	R&D Systems
Entrez Gene IDs	7422 (Human); 22339 (Mouse); 83785 (Rat); 281572 (Bovine); 403802 (Canine); 493845 (Feline); 30682 (Zebrafish)
应用文献
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions. Modulation of Salmonella Tumor-Colonization and Intratumoral Anti-angiogenesis by Triptolide and Its Mechanism Authors: J Chen, Y Qiao, B Tang, G Chen, X Liu, B Yang, J Wei, X Zhang, X Cheng, P Du, W Jiang, Q Hu, ZC Hua Theranostics, 2017;7(8):2250-2260. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: Neut Control of metastatic niche formation by targeting APBA3/Mint3 in inflammatory monocytes Authors: T Hara, HJ Nakaoka, T Hayashi, K Mimura, D Hoshino, M Inoue, F Nagamura, Y Murakami, M Seiki, T Sakamoto Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017;0(0):. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: Neut CYP4A in tumor-associated macrophages promotes pre-metastatic niche formation and metastasis Authors: XW Chen, TJ Yu, J Zhang, Y Li, HL Chen, GF Yang, W Yu, YZ Liu, XX Liu, CF Duan, HL Tang, M Qiu, CL Wang, H Zheng, J Yue, AM Guo, J Yang Oncogene, 2017;0(0):. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates Application: Functional Assay Ferrochelatase is a therapeutic target for ocular neovascularization Authors: HD Basavaraja, RS Sulaiman, X Qi, T Shetty, S Sheik Pran, KL Sishtla, B Lee, J Quigley, S Alkhairy, CM Briggs, K Gupta, B Tang, M Shadmand, MB Grant, ME Boulton, SY Seo, TW Corson EMBO Mol Med, 2017;0(0):. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: Functional Assay VEGF as a Paracrine Regulator of Conventional Outflow Facility Authors: E Reina-Torr, JC Wen, KC Liu, G Li, JM Sherwood, JY Chang, P Challa, CM Flügel-Koc, WD Stamer, RR Allingham, DR Overby Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2017;58(3):1899-1908. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Morphine decreases the pro-angiogenic interaction between breast cancer cells and macrophages in vitro Sci Rep, 2016;6(0):31572. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut Retinal pigment epithelial cell expression of active Rap 1a by scAAV2 inhibits choroidal neovascularization Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev, 2016;3(0):16056. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo A novel small molecule ameliorates ocular neovascularisation and synergises with anti-VEGF therapy Sci Rep, 2016;6(0):25509. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: Neut Antihypoxic Potentiation of Standard Therapy for Experimental Colorectal Liver Metastasis through Myo-Inositol Trispyrophosphate Clin Cancer Res, 2016;0(0):. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo PDGF-CC underlies resistance to VEGF-A inhibition and combinatorial targeting of both suppresses pathological angiogenesis more efficiently Authors: L Zheng, C Zhao, Y Du, X Lin, Y Jiang, C Lee, G Tian, J Mi, X Li, Q Chen, Z Ye, L Huang, S Wang, X Ren, L Xing, W Chen, D Huang, Z Gao, S Zhang, W Lu, Z Tang, B Wang, R Ju, X Li Oncotarget, 2016;7(47):77902-77915. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: Neut Endothelial Cords Promote Tumor Initial Growth prior to Vascular Function through a Paracrine Mechanism Authors: C Zhao, W Zhang, Y Zhao, Y Yang, H Luo, G Ji, E Dong, H Deng, S Lin, Y Wei, H Yang Sci Rep, 2016;6(0):19404. Species: Human Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut The biomechanical properties of an epithelial tissue determine the location of its vasculature Nat Commun, 2016;7(0):13560. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC HMGB1 induces angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis via HIF-1alpha activation. Authors: Park S, Lee S, Kim H, Lee W, Hong K, Kim C Eur J Immunol, 2015;45(4):1216-27. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded Retinal neurons curb inflammation and enhance revascularization in ischemic retinopathies via proteinase-activated receptor-2. Authors: Sitaras N, Rivera J, Noueihed B, Bien-Aime M, Zaniolo K, Omri S, Hamel D, Zhu T, Hardy P, Sapieha P, Joyal J, Chemtob S Am J Pathol, 2015;185(2):581-95. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: Neut Cessation of CCL2 inhibition accelerates breast cancer metastasis by promoting angiogenesis. Authors: Bonapace L, Coissieux M, Wyckoff J, Mertz K, Varga Z, Junt T, Bentires-Alj M Nature, 2015;515(7525):130-3. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo MicroRNA-210 overexpression induces angiogenesis and neurogenesis in the normal adult mouse brain. Authors: Zeng, L, He, X, Wang, Y, Tang, Y, Zheng, C, Cai, H, Liu, J, Wang, Y, Fu, Y, Yang, G-Y Gene Ther, 2014;21(1):37-43. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC-OCT embedded Fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) regulates cognitive function both by decreasing anandamide levels and by activating the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARbeta/delta) in the brain. Authors: Yu S, Levi L, Casadesus G, Kunos G, Noy N J Biol Chem, 2014;289(18):12748-58. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Cell Lysates Application: WB Angiopoietin-1 suppresses choroidal neovascularization and vascular leakage. Authors: Lee, Junyeop, Park, Dae-Youn, Park, Do Young, Park, Intae, Chang, Woohyok, Nakaoka, Yoshikaz, Komuro, Issei, Yoo, Ook-Joon, Koh, Gou Youn Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014;55(4):2191-9. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB IKK2 inhibition attenuates laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Authors: Lu H, Lu Q, Gaddipati S, Kasetti R, Wang W, Pasparakis M, Kaplan H, Li Q PLoS ONE, 2014;9(1):e87530. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Breast cancer cells condition lymphatic endothelial cells within pre-metastatic niches to promote metastasis. Authors: Lee E, Fertig E, Jin K, Sukumar S, Pandey N, Popel A Nat Commun, 2014;5(0):4715. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Shiga toxin promotes podocyte injury in experimental hemolytic uremic syndrome via activation of the alternative pathway of complement. Authors: Locatelli M, Buelli S, Pezzotta A, Corna D, Perico L, Tomasoni S, Rottoli D, Rizzo P, Conti D, Thurman J, Remuzzi G, Zoja C, Morigi M J Am Soc Nephrol, 2014;25(8):1786-98. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Dendritic cells: In vitro culture in two- and three-dimensional collagen systems and expression of collagen receptors in tumors and atherosclerotic microenvironments. Authors: Sprague L, Muccioli M, Pate M, Singh M, Xiong C, Ostermann A, Niese B, Li Y, Li Y, Courreges M, Benencia F Exp Cell Res, 2014;323(1):7-27. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates Application: ELISA detection Granzyme B releases vascular endothelial growth factor from extracellular matrix and induces vascular permeability. Authors: Hendel, Alon, Hsu, Ivy, Granville, David J Lab Invest, 2014;94(7):716-25. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: Neut RhoA/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling after growth arrest-specific protein 6/mer receptor tyrosine kinase engagement promotes epithelial cell growth and wound repair via upregulation of hepatocyte growth factor in macrophages. Authors: Lee Y, Park H, Woo S, Park E, Kang J J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2014;350(3):563-77. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut IL-18 regulates melanoma VLA-4 integrin activation through a Hierarchized sequence of inflammatory factors. Authors: Valcarcel M, Carrascal T, Crende O, Vidal-Vanaclocha F J Invest Dermatol, 2014;134(2):470-80. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut An inducible hepatocellular carcinoma model for preclinical evaluation of antiangiogenic therapy in adult mice. Authors: Runge A, Hu J, Wieland M, Bergeest J, Mogler C, Neumann A, Geraud C, Arnold B, Rohr K, Komljenovic D, Schirmacher P, Goerdt S, Augustin H Cancer Res, 2014;74(15):4157-69. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded Neutrophils contribute to inflammatory lymphangiogenesis by increasing VEGF-A bioavailability and secreting VEGF-D. Authors: Tan K, Chong S, Wong F, Evrard M, Tan S, Keeble J, Kemeny D, Ng L, Abastado J, Angeli V Blood, 2013;122(22):3666-77. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 deficiency promotes angiogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Authors: Raghuwanshi S, Smith N, Rivers E, Thomas A, Sutton N, Hu Y, Mukhopadhyay S, Chen X, Leung T, Richardson R J Immunol, 2013;190(10):5329-36. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: ELISA Capture The role of IL-1beta in the early tumor cell-induced angiogenic response. Authors: Carmi Y, Dotan S, Rider P, Kaplanov I, White M, Baron R, Abutbul S, Huszar M, Dinarello C, Apte R, Voronov E J Immunol, 2013;190(7):3500-9. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Endothelial lineage differentiation from induced pluripotent stem cells is regulated by microRNA-21 and transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) pathways. Authors: Di Bernardini E, Campagnolo P, Margariti A, Zampetaki A, Karamariti E, Hu Y, Xu Q J Biol Chem, 2013;289(6):3383-93. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut Folic acid mitigates angiotensin-II-induced blood pressure and renal remodeling. Authors: Pushpakumar, Sathnur, Kundu, Sourav, Metreveli, Naira, Sen, Utpal PLoS ONE, 2013;8(12):e83813. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates Application: WB Inhibition of PAI-1 induces neutrophil-driven neoangiogenesis and promotes tissue regeneration via production of angiocrine factors in mice. Blood, 2012;119(26):6382-93. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In Vivo Response patterns of cytokines/chemokines in two murine strains after irradiation. Authors: Zhang M, Yin L, Zhang K, Sun W, Yang S, Zhang B, Salzman P, Wang W, Liu C, Vidyasagar S, Zhang L, Ju S, Okunieff P, Zhang L Cytokine, 2012;58(2):169-77. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Plasma Application: Luminex Assay Development IL-17 and VEGF are necessary for efficient corneal nerve regeneration. Authors: Li Z, Burns AR, Han L, Rumbaut RE, Smith CW Am. J. Pathol., 2011;178(3):1106-16. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Serotonin reverts age-related capillarization and failure of regeneration in the liver through a VEGF-dependent pathway. Authors: Furrer K, Rickenbacher A, Tian Y, Jochum W, Bittermann AG, Kach A, Humar B, Graf R, Moritz W, Clavien PA Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2011;108(7):2945-50. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Relationship between complement membrane attack complex, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and vascular endothelial growth factor in mouse model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Authors: Liu J, Jha P, Lyzogubov VV, Tytarenko RG, Bora NS, Bora PS J. Biol. Chem., 2011;286(23):20991-1001. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Platelet-derived growth factor-B normalizes micromorphology and vessel function in vascular endothelial growth factor-A-induced squamous cell carcinomas. Authors: Lederle W, Linde N, Heusel J, Bzyl J, Woenne EC, Zwick S, Skobe M, Kiessling F, Fusenig NE, Mueller MM Am. J. Pathol., 2010;176(2):981-94. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: ICC VEGF-A expression by HSV-1-infected cells drives corneal lymphangiogenesis. Authors: Wuest TR, Carr DJ J. Exp. Med., 2010;207(1):101-15, S1-2. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo CXCR4 blockade augments bone marrow progenitor cell recruitment to the neovasculature and reduces mortality after myocardial infarction. Authors: Jujo K, Hamada H, Iwakura A, Thorne T, Sekiguchi H, Clarke T, Ito A, Misener S, Tanaka T, Klyachko E, Kobayashi K, Tongers J, Roncalli J, Tsurumi Y, Hagiwara N, Losordo DW Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2010;107(24):11008-13. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Effects of increased renal tubular vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on fibrosis, cyst formation, and glomerular disease. Authors: Hakroush S, Moeller MJ, Theilig F, Kaissling B, Sijmonsma TP, Jugold M, Akeson AL, Traykova-Brauch M, Hosser H, Hahnel B, Grone HJ, Koesters R, Kriz W Am. J. Pathol., 2009;175(5):1883-95. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Paraffin-embedded Recapitulation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in human multiple endocrine neoplasia type I syndrome via Pdx1-directed inactivation of Men1. Authors: Shen HC, He M, Powell A, Adem A, Lorang D, Heller C, Grover AC, Ylaya K, Hewitt SM, Marx SJ, Spiegel AM, Libutti SK Cancer Res., 2009;69(5):1858-66. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Frozen Critical role of CD11b+ macrophages and VEGF in inflammatory lymphangiogenesis, antigen clearance, and inflammation resolution. Authors: Kataru RP, Jung K, Jang C, Yang H, Schwendener RA, Baik JE, Han SH, Alitalo K, Koh GY Blood, 2009;113(22):5650-9. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Safety profile of topical VEGF neutralization at the cornea. Authors: Bock F, Onderka J, Rummelt C, Dietrich T, Bachmann B, Kruse FE, Schlotzer-Schrehardt U, Cursiefen C Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2009;50(5):2095-102. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: Blocking Role of cell and matrix-bound VEGF isoforms in lens development. Authors: Saint-Geniez M, Kurihara T, DAmore PA Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2009;50(1):311-21. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Cells Application: Neut Fibroblast-type reticular stromal cells regulate the lymph node vasculature. Authors: Chyou S, Ekland EH, Carpenter AC, Tzeng TC, Tian S, Michaud M, Madri JA, Lu TT J. Immunol., 2008;181(6):3887-96. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Regulation of scar formation by vascular endothelial growth factor. Authors: Wilgus TA, Ferreira AM, Oberyszyn TM, Bergdall VK, DiPietro LA Lab. Invest., 2008;88(6):579-90. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Modulation of angiogenesis by a tetrameric tripeptide that antagonizes vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1. Authors: Ponticelli S, Marasco D, Tarallo V, Albuquerque RJ, Mitola S, Takeda A, Stassen JM, Presta M, Ambati J, Ruvo M, De Falco S J. Biol. Chem., 2008;283(49):34250-9. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Recombinant Protein Application: ELISA Development Loss of vascular endothelial growth factor expression reduces vascularization, but not growth, of tumors lacking the Von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene. Authors: Blouw B, Haase VH, Song H, Bergers G, Johnson RS Oncogene, 2007;26(31):4531-40. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Platelet-derived growth factor-BB controls epithelial tumor phenotype by differential growth factor regulation in stromal cells. Authors: Lederle W, Stark HJ, Skobe M, Fusenig NE, Mueller MM Am. J. Pathol., 2006;169(5):1767-83. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Mast cells facilitate local VEGF release as an early event in the pathogenesis of postoperative peritoneal adhesions. Authors: Cahill RA, Wang JH, Soohkai S, Redmond HP Surgery, 2006;140(1):108-12. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Loss of SPARC-mediated VEGFR-1 suppression after injury reveals a novel antiangiogenic activity of VEGF-A. Authors: Nozaki M, Sakurai E, Raisler BJ, Baffi JZ, Witta J, Ogura Y, Brekken RA, Sage EH, Ambati BK, Ambati J J. Clin. Invest., 2006;116(2):422-9. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo VEGF-C is a trophic factor for neural progenitors in the vertebrate embryonic brain. Authors: Le Bras B, Barallobre MJ, Homman-Ludiye J, Ny A, Wyns S, Tammela T, Haiko P, Karkkainen MJ, Yuan L, Muriel MP, Chatzopoulou E, Breant C, Zalc B, Carmeliet P, Alitalo K, Eichmann A, Thomas JL Nat. Neurosci., 2006;9(3):340-8. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Frozen Vascular endothelial growth factor-A mediates ultraviolet B-induced impairment of lymphatic vessel function. Authors: Kajiya K, Hirakawa S, Detmar M Am. J. Pathol., 2006;169(4):1496-503. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo The Myc-dependent angiogenic switch in tumors is mediated by interleukin 1beta. Authors: Shchors K, Shchors E, Rostker F, Lawlor ER, Brown-Swigart L, Evan GI Genes Dev., 2006;20(18):2527-38. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates Application: ELISA Development Application of plasmid DNA encoding IL-18 diminishes development of herpetic stromal keratitis by antiangiogenic effects. Authors: Kim B, Lee S, Suvas S, Rouse BT J. Immunol., 2005;175(1):509-16. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Cell Lysates Application: ELISA Development Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene transfer enhances surgical revascularization of necrotic bone. Authors: Katsube K, Bishop AT, Simari RD, Yla-Herttuala S, Friedrich PF J. Orthop. Res., 2005;23(2):469-74. Species: Rabbit Sample Type: Whole Tissue Application: IHC Differential roles of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 in dendritic cell differentiation. Authors: Dikov MM, Ohm JE, Ray N, Tchekneva EE, Burlison J, Moghanaki D, Nadaf S, Carbone DP J. Immunol., 2005;174(1):215-22. Species: Mouse Sample Type: Cell Lysates Application: Neut CXCR2-/- mice show enhanced susceptibility to herpetic stromal keratitis: a role for IL-6-induced neovascularization. Authors: Banerjee K, Biswas PS, Kim B, Lee S, Rouse BT J. Immunol., 2004;172(2):1237-45. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Estrogen regulates the production of VEGF for osteoclast formation and activity in op/op mice. Authors: Kodama I, Sanada M, Yoshiko Y, Tsuda M, Ohama K J. Bone Miner. Res., 2004;19(2):200-6. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Lack of alpha2-antiplasmin promotes pulmonary heart failure via overrelease of VEGF after acute myocardial infarction. Authors: Kozawa O, Yoshimi N, Akamatsu S, Hara A, Mori H, Uematsu T Blood, 2002;100(7):2487-93. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo Antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by improving endogenous dendritic cell function. Authors: Gabrilovich DI, Ishida T, Nadaf S, Ohm JE, Carbone DP Clin. Cancer Res., 1999;5(10):2963-70. Species: Mouse Sample Type: In Vivo Application: In vivo
纯化方式	Antigen Affinity-purified
免疫原	S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant mouse VEGF₁₆₄ Ala27-Arg190 Accession # AAA40547
内毒素水平	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
生物活性	Mouse
标记	Unconjugated
溶解方法	Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
背景	Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF or VEGF-A), also known as vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a potent mediator of both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in the fetus and adult (1-3). It is a member of the PDGF family that is characterized by a cystine knot structure formed by eight conserved cysteine residues (4). Alternately spliced isoforms of 121, 145, 165, 183, 189, and 206 amino acids (aa) have been identified in humans, with 120, 164 and 188 aa isoforms found in mouse (2, 4). Isoforms other than VEGF₁₂₀ and VEGF₁₂₁ contain basic heparin-binding regions and are not freely diffusible (4). Mouse VEGF₁₆₄ shares 97% aa sequence identity with corresponding regions of rat, 89% with human and porcine, 88% with bovine, and 90% with feline, equine and canine VEGF, respectively. VEGF binds the type I transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases VEGF R1 (also called Flt-1) and VEGF R2 (Flk-1/KDR) on endothelial cells (4). Although affinity is highest for binding to VEGF R1, VEGF R2 appears to be the primary mediator of VEGF angiogenic activity (3, 4). Human VEGF₁₆₅ binds the semaphorin receptor, Neuropilin-1 and promotes complex formation with VEGF R2 (5). VEGF is required during embryogenesis to regulate the proliferation, migration, and survival of endothelial cells (3, 4). In adults, VEGF functions mainly in wound healing and the female reproductive cycle (3). Pathologically, it is involved in tumor angiogenesis and vascular leakage (6, 7). Circulating VEGF levels correlate with disease activity in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus (8). VEGF is induced by hypoxia and cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, oncostatin M and TNF-alpha (3, 4, 9).
运输条件	Blue Ice
存放说明	4℃
参考文献	Breier, G. et al. (1992) Development 114:521. Shima, D.T. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:3877. Byrne, A.M. et al. (2005) J. Cell. Mol. Med. 9:777. Robinson, C.J. and S.E. Stringer (2001) J. Cell. Sci. 114:853. Pan, Q. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:24049. Weis, S.M. and D.A. Cheresh (2005) Nature 437:497. Thurston, G. (2002) J. Anat. 200:575. Carvalho, J.F. et al. (2007) J. Clin. Immunol. 27:246. Angelo, L.S. and R. Kurzrock (2007) Clin. Cancer Res. 13:2825.

参考图片

VEGF₁₆₄ in Mouse Kidney. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 164 (VEGF₁₆₄) was detected in perfusion fixed frozen sections of mouse kidney using Goat Anti-Mouse VEGF₁₆₄ Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-493-NA) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained (red) and counterstained (green). View our protocol for Fluorescent IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

Cell Proliferation Induced by VEGF₁₆₄ and Neutralization by Mouse VEGF Antibody. Recombinant Mouse VEGF₁₆₄(Catalog #493-MV) stimulates proliferation in HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Mouse VEGF₁₆₄ (10 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Mouse VEGF₁₆₄ Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-493-NA). The ND₅₀ is typically 0.05-0.15 µg/mL.

Detection of Recombinant Human, Mouse, and Rat VEGF by Western Blot. Western blot shows 25 ng of Recombinant Human VEGF₁₆₅(Catalog #293-VE), Recombinant Mouse VEGF₁₆₄(Catalog #493-MV), Recombinant Mouse VEGF₁₂₀(Catalog #494-VE), Recombinant Mouse VEGF‑B₁₆₇(Catalog #2595-VE), Recombinant Mouse VEGF‑B 186 (Catalog # 767-VE), Recombinant Mouse VEGF₁₈₈(Catalog #7916-MV), and Recombinant Rat VEGF₁₆₄(Catalog #564-RV). PVDF Membrane was probed with 0.1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Mouse VEGF₁₆₄ Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog #
AF-493-NA) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). A specific band was detected for VEGF at approximately 18-27 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 3.