| 货号 | AF6447-SP |
| 别名 | 55 kDa leucine-rich repeat protein of articular cartilage; MST161; MSTP161; prolargin proteoglycan; Prolargin; proline arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein; proline/arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein; Proline-arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein; SLRR2A; SLRR2AMGC45323 | 全称 | Proline-arginine-Rich End Leucine-rich repeat Protein |
| 反应种属 | Human |
| 应用 | Western Blot(1 µg/mL) Immunocytochemistry(5-15 µg/mL) |
| 目标/特异性 | Detects human PRELP in direct ELISAs and Western blots. |
| 使用方法 | Western Blot: 1 µg/mL Immunocytochemistry: 5-15 µg/mL Neutralization: Measured by its ability to neutralize PRELP inhibition of TRANCE/TNFSF11/RANK L-induced osteoclast-like cell formation in the RAW 264.7 mouse monocyte/macrophage cell line. Rucci, N. et al. (2009) J. Cell Biol. 187:669. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.2-1.2 µg/mL in the presence of 5 µg/mL Recombinant Human PRELP, 5 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse TRANCE/TNFSF11/RANK L, and 20 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse M‑CSF. |
| 来源 | Polyclonal Sheep IgG |
| 产品组分 |
| 供应商 | R&D Systems |
| Entrez Gene IDs | 5549 (Human) |
| 纯化方式 | Antigen Affinity-purified |
| 免疫原 | Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO-derived recombinant human PRELP Gln21-Ile382 Accession # P51888 |
| 内毒素水平 | <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method. |
| 生物活性 | Human |
| 标记 | Unconjugated |
| 溶解方法 | Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.2 mg/mL. |
| 背景 | PRELP (Proline aRginine-rich End Leucine-rich repeat Protein; also Prolargin) is a 55‑62 kDa secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) superfamily of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules (1‑4). Within this family, it is considered a class II member, implying that it is unlikely to form dimeric structures (3). PRELP is synthesized as a 382 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal sequence plus a 362 aa mature region (1, 5). Like other SLRPs, PRELP contains an N-terminal extension (aa 72‑107) coupled to multiple Leu-rich repeats (LRRs) (aa 95‑382) (6). Unlike other SLRPs, PRELP does not contain any proteoglycan chains, and its N‑terminal extension is highly basic in charge. The N-terminus reportedly binds to negatively-charged heparin/heparin-sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and Gram- bacterial cell walls, while the LRR region participates in protein-protein interactions (7‑9). Although PRELP is known to be synthesized by only a few cell types, including osteoblasts, skeletal muscle and chondrocytes, its expression is likely to be more widespread, given its presence in the basement membrane (BM) of Bowman’s capsule, epididymal epithelium and the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin (1, 10, 11). The dual binding profile of PRELP is key to its function. In cartilage, PRELP likely links chondrocyte cell membrane heparin sulfate (HS) chains to endogenous type II collagen. Within the context of the BM, PRELP likely plays an anchoring role. The BM is composed of type IV collagen and laminin, linked together by nidogen. BM Perlecan reinforces this linkage by binding to all three components. PRELP, on the edge of the BM, can bind to free perlecan HS chains (via its N-terminus), and to underlying type I collagen (via its LRRs), thus forming an anchor for the BM (11). Notably, the N-terminus appears to do more than simply provide part of a linkage mechanism. In bone, osteoblast secreted PRELP is hypothesized to undergo proteolysis by enzymes such as LysC and glutamyl endopeptidase. This will generate 40‑75 aa N‑terminal fragments that can bind to chondroitin sulfate adducts that exist on the surface of prefusion osteoclast precursors. Following binding, PRELP is internalized, complexed to annexin-II, and translocated to the nucleus, where it interacts with NF kappa Bp65 to block osteoclast maturation (8). In tissue, PRELP may also undergo proteolytic processing during inflammation to release an N‑terminal fragment containing aa 21‑42 of the precursor (7). This sequence has been shown to possess potent antimicrobial activity by creating pores in bacterial cell walls. Mature human PRELP shares 91% aa identity with mouse PRELP (10). |
| 运输条件 | Blue Ice |
| 存放说明 | 4℃ |
| 参考文献 |
|
PRELP Inhibition of TRANCE-dependent Osteoclast-Like Cell Formation and Neutralization by Human PRELP Antibody. Recombinant Human PRELP (Catalog # 6447-PR) inhibits Recombinant Mouse TRANCE induced osteoclast-like cell formation in the RAW 264.7 mouse monocyte/macrophage cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by the TRAP (tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase) solution assay. Inhibition of Recombinant Mouse TRANCE (5 ng/mL) activity elicited by Recombinant Human PRELP (5 µg/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Sheep Anti-Human PRELP Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6447). The ND50 is typically 0.2-1.2 µg/mL in the presence of Recombinant Mouse M‑CSF (20 ng/mL). | |
Detection of Human PRELP by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of human liver tissue and human pancreas tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Sheep Anti-Human PRELP Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6447) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). A specific band was detected for PRELP at approximately 65 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1. | |
PRELP in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. PRELP was detected in immersion fixed human mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into chondrocytes using Sheep Anti-Human PRELP Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6447) at 10 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL010) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips. |
