| 货号 | AF3138-SP |
| 别名 | D2S69Elymphocyte-activation gene 2; GNLY; granulysin; LAG2; LAG-2; Lymphokine LAG-2; Lymphokine; NKG5; NKG5519; Protein NKG5; TLA519; TLA519T-cell activation protein 519; T-lymphocyte activation gene 519 |
| 反应种属 | Human |
| 应用 | Western Blot(0.1 µg/mL) Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry(2.5 µg/106cells) |
| 目标/特异性 | Detects human Granulysin in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human NKG-2D is observed. |
| 使用方法 | Western Blot: 0.1 µg/mL Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry: 2.5 µg/106cells |
| 来源 | Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| 产品组分 |
| 供应商 | R&D Systems |
| Entrez Gene IDs | 10578 (Human) |
| 纯化方式 | Antigen Affinity-purified |
| 免疫原 | Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human Granulysin Arg23-Leu145 Accession # P22749 |
| 生物活性 | Human |
| 标记 | Unconjugated |
| 溶解方法 | Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| 背景 | Granulysin (formerly NKG5 or Lymphokine LAG-2) is a member of the saposin-like protein (SAPLIP) family of membrane disrupting proteins (1). Granulysin is expressed in granules of natural killer and activated cytotoxic T cells. It exhibits cytolytic activity against intracellular or extracellular microbes and also tumors, either alone or in synergy with perforin (2). Human granulysin has structural similarity and 30 - 40% aa identity to granulysins and NK-lysins of other mammals such as bovine, porcine and canine; similar peptides in rodents have not been identified (1). The 15 kDa unglycosylated protein contains five helical domains; helix 2 and 3 contain 9 arginines and one cysteine critical for activity. Peptides of either helix 2 or 3 will lyse bacteria, while helix 3 is needed to lyse tumor targets (3, 4). One isoform designated 519 uses a different start codon, has no signal peptide sequence and is poorly expressed (5). A post-translationally processed 9 kDa form is present in acidified granules and is less lytic than the 15 kDa form at granule pH (6). IL-15 is necessary and sufficient for granulysin upregulation in CD8 T cells (2). Nanomolar granulysin promotes chemotaxis and increases production of chemokines by monocytic cells, while micromolar local concentrations are needed for lysis (7). Experimental evidence supports the following mechanism for activity against intracellular pathogens (8). First, granulysin forms clusters in lipid rafts due to interaction of positive charges in helices 2-3 with acidic sphingolipids. After endocytosis, early endosomes fuse with phagosomes, probably regulated by small GTPase rab5. Granulysin binds microbial membranes through charge interactions and disrupts them, probably via scissoring actions of granulysin molecules (9, 10). |
| 运输条件 | Blue Ice |
| 存放说明 | 4℃ |
| 参考文献 |
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Detection of Granulysin in Human PBMCs by Flow Cytometry. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated for 24 hr with 50 ng/ml PMA and 200 ng/ml Ca2+ ionomycin then stained with Goat Anti-Human Granulysin Antigen Affinity‑purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3138, filled histogram) or control antibody (Catalog # AB‑108‑C, open histogram), followed by Phycoerythrin-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0107). |
